Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)

The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) is a 6-item questionnaire that measures physical dependence on nicotine. Please answer each question by selecting the option that best describes your smoking behavior.

Reference: Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerström K. (1991). The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: A revision of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire. British Journal of Addiction, 86, 1119–1127.
This online version is an interactive adaptation of the original FTND.